Biomass pyrolysis serves as an innovative solution for converting organic materials into valuable by-products such as biochar, syngas, and bio-oil. While wood and nutshells are both common feedstocks, their pyrolysis processes differ in terms of feedstock composition, thermal behavior, and yield…

Forestry waste, including branches, leaves, and sawdust, is often left to decompose or burned in open pits, leading to various environmental challenges. These include air pollution, soil degradation, and the loss of potential resources. However, a sustainable and profitable solution exists in the…